Motor manifold exhaust



P 1958 J. D. ARMSTRONG MOTOR MANIFOLD EXHAUST Filed April 12, 1956 IN VN TOR W ATTORNEYS.

United States Patent 2,849,859 Patented Sept. 2, 1958 fiice z,s49,ss9'

MGTOR MANIFOLD EXHAUST .lay'D. Armstrong, Ames, Iowa Application Apr-i112, 1956; Serial No. 577;745

4 Claims. (Cl. 60-32) This invention'relates to a motor manifold exhaust, and more particularly toa motor" manifold exhaust" system wherein exhaust gases from certain of the cylinders are utilized for preventing back pressure or creating partial vacuum at the exhaust ports of other cylinders to lower the temperature and remove rapidly the gases of said cylinders.

In motors having a plurality ofcylinders ar'ranged'in a line, and-particularly in diesel engines, there has long been a problem with the breaking of the cylinder head block near the intermediate cylinders by reason of'excessive temperatures maintained over substantial periods of time. The outermost or end cylinders are not subject to such difiiculties because these have suflicient air cooling and orifice size to prevent the'rnaintenance of' excessive temperatures The problem has existed with respect to the intermediate or interior cylinders where the exces'sive temperatures build up. If the gases from the endcylinders could be in some wayutilized for bringing about a cooling of the inner cylinders while at the same time preventing back pressures in any of the cylinders, a solution to the long-existing problem may be found.

An object of the present invention is to provide a system or structure by which gases from the end cylinders are injected through end areas of a manifold to direct the flow or movement of the gases so that no back pressure is created on the intermediate cylinders while at the same time lowering the temperature of the exhaust ports for the intermediate cylinders by' creating a Venturi or area of reduced pressure about the'intermediate exhaust ports. Another object is to provide an exhaust manifold into theends of which are directed gasesfrorn-theend cylinders while utilizing such gases to create an area of reduced pressure about the exhaust ports of intermediate cylinders to reduce the temperature of such intermediate areas. A still further object is to provide in such a manifold structure, a deflector bafiie which splits the stream or flow of gases from an end cylinder so as to release the gases rapidly from the manifold while creating an area of reduced pressure about the exhaust ports of intermediate cylinders. A still further object is to provide a system wherein the rapidly-flowing gases from end cylinders are utilized by directing them over the exhaust ports of intermediate cylinders, creating a partial vacuum there in, the gas streams from the end cylinders being introduced at such times that they do not collide with each other but are efiective in pulling gases from the intermediate cylinders and rapidly exhausting them through a central discharge riser or pipe. Other specific objects and advantages will appear as the specification proceeds.

The invention is shown, in an illustrative embodiment, by the accompanying drawing, in which Figure l is a broken side view in elevation of a diesel motor or engine equipped with a manifold structure embodying my invention; Fig. 2, an enlarged broken vertical sectional view of the manifold and exhaust apparatus; Fig. 3, a horizontal sectional view of the structure and B designates a manifold exhaust structure employed therewith.

The motor block A is that of a diesel motor having, therein end cylinders 10 and 1 1' and intermediate cylin-- ders 12, 1-3, 14-and15. The cylinder 10 is provided with an exhaust port'16, and'the end cylinder 11- isprovided with an exhaust port 17; Thecylinders 1'2 and 1-3 are provided with a common exhaust port'18', and cylinders 14and 15 are provided with a commonexhaust .port 19. Since the diesel mot'or structure is of well-known construction, it is believed unnecessary herein to describe the structure in'any detail, it being'sufli'cientf to indicate'that there are end'ports leadingfrom the end cylinders and intermediate exhaust ports leading from the intermediate cylinders.

The exhaust manifold B' which embodies my invention comprises an elongated manifold cylinder-'20, having an end-plate 21 apertured to receive a conduit 22 which communicates with the exhaust port 16' of end cylinder It). The opposite end of the cylinder is provided'with an end-plate 23 apertu'red'to receive a conduit 24 communicating with the exhaust port 17 of the op posite end cylinder 11. It will be understood that such plate and conduit connections may be formed by welding or by any other suitable means, the lower end'of the conduits- 22 and 24 being preferably. provided with bolt plates 25 which are secured by bolts 26 to the cylinder head block.

The cylinder 20 is provided on its lower side with conduits .27 and 28 which communicate with theexhaust.

ports 18 and 19 leading, from the intermediate. cylinders, these conduits also being'provided with flanges or plates 29 secured by bolts 30 to the cylinderblock- A.

Leading from the central portion of the manifold B- an exhaust pipe 31 which is preferably securedby the bolted flange members 3.2 and 33 to a riser or exhaust pipe 34.

Within the manifold-B and-atthe ends thereof, I provide baffles 35 and 36 which are'preferably secured within the cylinders'by weldingv the edges thereof to-thet side' walls of the cylinder 20. The deflector bafiles 35- and 36'areso supported as tosplit the incoming stream or flow of gases from each end=cylinder-, directing a greater portion of the gases downwardly and over the ends'of the intermediate exhaust ports, while at the same time directing a portion of the gases forwardly over the top surface of each 'baflle. The baflle thus provides at each end a portion 37 through which gases are directed downwardly below the inclined baflle, and a port 38 by which gases are directed inwardly and over the baffles. I find that the splitting of the incoming stream or flow is im- Operation In the operation of the structure or system, the discharge of the hot gases from the end cylinders 10 and 11 is so regulated that the end streams which are directed toward the center of the cylinder B do not collide, but work in unison to pull the streams of gases from the intermediate ports outwardly. The downwardly-turned stream below each bathe 35 :and 36 is effective in producing a Venturi effect over the exhaust ports 28 and 27, with the result that no back pressure is created and the temperature of the intermediate cylinder block is kept cool so that the life of the cylinder head block is greatly prolonged. By the injecting of the hot gases through the end areas, I direct the fiow or movement of the hot gas so that no back pressure is created upon the intermediate cylinders as well as upon the end cylinders. This result is achieved by directing the flow of the end cylinder gases over the internal exhaust ports to create a partial vacuum at the end of the baflies 35 and 36. A Venturi effect is produced by the downwardly-inclined baffles 35 and 36 so as to draw or pull gases from theintermediate exhaust ports and direct them out of the central exhaust pipe.

The splitting of the gas stream from the end ports is important in the quick removal of the air streams. It may be that the upper stream passing through port 38 is effective in preventing eddying about the upper portion of the baffle end, or it may be that this gas stream is effective in producing a channel for the ready outflow of the gases sweeping over ports 27 and 28. Whatever be the reason, it is found that this structure gives substantially improved performance and is highly effective in preventing eddying or turbulence, and it brings about a smooth, rapid outflow of gases from the central portion of the manifold B. With the exhaust manifold shown, it is found that the exhaust gases from the'end cylinders can be utilized without injury or causing back pressure upon the end cylinders, and such gases, through the Venturi action produced, are effective in preventing excessive temperatures in the intermediate cylinders by reason of the rapid removal of the exhaust gases therefrom and by the prevention of back pressure on such inner cylinders.

While the invention is particularly useful in connection with diesel motors and engines, it will be understood that the invention is applicable to other motors and other uses, and it is also obvious that the manifold exhaust structure may be varied in construction for the purpose of utilizing the system or principle herein disclosed. I

While, in the foregoing specification, I have set forth a specific structure in considerable detail for the purpose of illustrating an embodiment of the invention, it will be understood that such details of structure or operation may be varied widely by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. In an exhaust manifold system for a motor having end and intermediate cylinders and exhaust ports leading therefrom, a manifold provided on one side with an exhaust outlet and at its ends with inlets communicating with the exhaust ports of said end cylinders and at a side opposite said exhaust outlet with ports communi eating with said intermediate cylinders, and a baffle in each end of the manifold dividing the inlet stream of gas and extending from the end inlet toward said exhaust outlet and in a direction toward an intermediate port for directing one stream of gas from the end inlet over said intermediate port and another stream directly to said exhaust outlet, said bafiles being spaced apart to provide an open area in the central portion of the manifold communicating with said exhaust outlet.

2. In combination with a diesel motor having end cylinders and intermediate cylinders and exhaust conduits communicating therewith, .an elongated manifold cylinder having an exhaust outlet and having its ends provided with inlets communicating with conduits from said end cylinders, said manifold having intermediate ports communicating with the conduits from said intermediate cylinders, and deflector bafiies within said manifold cylinder including at least one baflie at each end extending across the inlet to divide the inlet stream of gas and extending between a portion of the end inlet and the exhaust outlet of the manifold, each baffle extending in a direction toward but spaced from an intermediate port whereby one stream of gas from each inlet is directed over an intermediate port and another stream is directed to said outlet, said baflies terminating adjacent said intermediate ports and providing between them an open area com municating directly with said exhaust outlet.

3. In combination with a motor having end and intermediate cylinders and exhaust conduits leading therefrom, an elongated manifold supported over said motor and having end inlets communicating with the conduits from said end cylinders and having intermediate ports communicating with conduits from said intermediate cylinders, said manifold having said last mentioned ports in one side portion thereof and having an exhaust outlet in the opposite side portion thereof, whereby said intermediate ports and said exhaust outlet are in open communication With each other, and baffles extending across the end portions of said manifold and in general alignment with said end inlets for dividing incoming gases into two streams, and directing one stream over the said ports leading from said intermediate cylinders and the other stream directly to said exhaust outlet.

4. The structure of claim 3, in which said baflles are inclined in a direction generally toward said intermediate ports but terminating short thereof.

References Cited in the file of this patent FOREIGN PATENTS 

